Tsarin gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara: Yadda ake yin Marufi na Fiber

Wannan jagorar yana bayanin tsarin gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara daga danyen fiber zuwa ƙãre samfurin: manyan fasahohin masana'antu guda huɗu, abin da kowannensu ya dace da shi, matakan samarwa da ke da mahimmanci, da waɗanne takaddun shaida da iyakokin aiki yakamata su sanar da yanke shawara na gaske. Idan kuna bincikekwantena abinci na biodegradableko kimanta sauyawa daga filastik, wannan wuri ne mai amfani.

Menene Tsarin gyare-gyaren Pulp?

Tsarin gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara yana jujjuya shuka{0} tushen fiber zuwa madaidaicin marufi, nau'i-nau'i uku{1} ta hanyar samar da rigar fiber slurry a kan wani siffa mai siffa da bushewa zuwa tsayayyen tsari. Ba kamar fakitin lebur ko zanen gado ba, ana yin gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara azaman haɗaɗɗen yanki guda ɗaya - wanda ke ba shi ƙarfin tsari, riƙe da siffa, da kaddarorin kwantar da tarzoma waɗanda kayan zanen ba za su iya kwafi ba.

Babban tsarin: fiber yana haɗe da ruwa, ana jan ko matsawa a kan wani mold, kuma a bushe. Abin da ya bambanta sosai tsakanin masana'antun da samfurori shinewandaana amfani da fasahar gyare-gyare,wandaAn zaɓi tushen fiber, da kuma yadda ake sarrafa waɗannan sigogi sosai. Waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan suna tantance ko sakamakon ya dace da tuntuɓar abinci kai tsaye, dillali mai ƙima, ko kwantar da masana'antu gabaɗaya. Don mahallin kan yadda wannan rukunin ya dace da mafi girman hoton eco{2}}, dubamenene kwantena masu ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Raw Materials: Nau'in Fiber Yana Shafi Fiye da Dorewar Takaddun Shaida

Duk abin da aka ƙera yana farawa da fiber da ruwa. Tushen fiber yana rinjayar farashi, aikin tsari, ingancin saman, da kuma ƙarshen{2}halayen rayuwa ta hanyoyin da ba koyaushe ake iya gani a cikin abin da aka gama ba.

• Bagashin rake- ragowar fibrous bayan cire ruwan 'ya'yan itace - shine mafi yawan kayan abinci na abinci{2}} gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara. Dogayen zaruruwan sa na dabi'a suna samar da kyakykyawan tsauri da tsaftataccen fili, kuma yana jujjuya rafin noma maimakon cinye sabbin albarkatu.
• Takarda da kwali da aka sake yin fa'idasune abubuwan da ake amfani da su na gargajiya don kwali da samar da tire. Kudin -mai inganci da madauwari, amma tsawon fiber yana gajarta tare da kowane sake yin amfani da shi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake sake yin amfani da su{2}}kayayyakin fiber yakan yi kauri{3}}wani katanga don rama ƙarancin ƙarfi.
• Bamboo ɓangaren litattafan almarayana ba da mafi girman fari da santsi fiye da filayen da aka sake fa'ida, yana ƙara fitowa a cikin ɗigon kaya da kayan kwalliya. Kudinsa fiye da jakunkuna ko takarda da aka sake fa'ida a daidai adadin.
• Budurwa itace ɓangaren litattafan almara(FSC - bokan) yana ba da daidaiton ingancin fiber da ƙa'idodin tsabta da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacen abinci{1}} lamba da likita. Cinikin ɗorewa - yana amfani da sabon fiber da aka girbe maimakon abin da aka sake sarrafa shi ko sake fa'ida.

Mabuɗin Matakan Ƙirƙira

Duk da yake kayan aiki da sigogi sun bambanta, ainihin tsarin samar da kayayyaki ya kasance daidai a cikin masana'antu.

Pulping and Slurry Preparation

Ana ciyar da busassun kayan abinci na fiber a cikin hydrapulper tare da ruwa, yana watsewa zuwa tsayayyen fiber iri ɗaya - yawanci kusan 0.5-1% fiber ta nauyi a wannan matakin. Nunawa yana kawar da gurɓatattun abubuwa da suka haɗa da robobi da tarkacen ƙarfe. Sarrafa bleaching yana biyewa inda ake buƙatar samfuran fari ko haske{5}.

Da zarar slurry ɗin ya kasance mai tsabta, ana haɗa abubuwan da ke aiki a cikin: jika{0}masu ƙarfi don aikin danshi, abubuwan hana ruwa da mai don abinci{1}}amfani da sabis, da masu ƙima don sarrafa sha ruwa. Ƙarin zaɓin abubuwan da suka shafi - abinci -kayayyakin tuntuɓar suna buƙatar abinci{5}tsararru masu aminci, kuma samfuran da aka tallata azaman takin zamani dole ne su yi amfani da abubuwan da ba sa tsoma baki kan tsarin takin. Fluorine{7}free (PFAS{8}}kyauta) wakilan shingen shinge a yanzu sun zama daidaitattun a kasuwanni tare da ƙuntatawa na PFAS, ba fasalin zaɓi ba.

Ƙirƙira da Latsawa

Ana isar da slurry ɗin zuwa ƙirar ƙira - daidaitaccen aikin injiniyan, kayan aikin da ya lalace. Vacuum da aka yi amfani da shi ta cikin gyaggyarawa yana fitar da ruwa yayin da ake ja da fiber zuwa fuskar gyaɗa, yana samar da rigar fiber ɗin da ke kwaikwayi sifar gyaɗa. A cikin samar da thermoform, wannan jika za a tura shi zuwa faranti masu zafi masu zafi waɗanda ke yin zafi da matsa lamba lokaci guda, suna haɓaka tsarin fiber da samar da ingantaccen saman da ake buƙata don mabukaci{4}} masu fuskantar aikace-aikace. Ba tare da wannan mataki na dannawa ba, busasshen samfurin yana da mafi ƙarancin rubutu da faɗin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i-nau'i) wanda ya dace da abinci{7}}sabis.

Manufa ragowar danshi bayan bushewa gabaɗaya yana ƙasa da 10-12% ta nauyi. Sama da - bushewa yana ƙaruwa; ƙarƙashin - bushewa yana barin samfurin ba shi da kwanciyar hankali.

Gyara, Jiyya na Sama, da Kula da Inganci

Gyaran gefen yana kawar da filashin fiber daga samuwa. A cikin layukan atomatik wannan an haɗa shi cikin matakin latsawa; a cikin ƙaramin{1}}ara mai sarrafa kansa wani mataki ne daban. Maganin saman yana biye da su: abinci{3}}masu shamaki don abinci{4}}kayayyakin sabis, embossing ko eco{5}} bugu na tawada don yin alama. Duk wani shafi da aka shafi abinci{7}}marufin lamba yakamata ya zama PFAS- kyauta kuma yana goyan bayan takaddun gwaji na ɓangare na uku - Dokokin AB 1200 na California da tsarin ƙuntatawa na PFAS na EU sun kafa tushen yarda gama gari.

Gudanar da inganci yana gudana a matakai da yawa: dubawa mai girma, duban lahani na gani, gano ƙarfe (wayoyin allo daga kayan aikin ɗigon ruwa na iya karyewa da gurɓata samfur), da kuma batch ruwa{0}}da{1}gwajin juriyar mai. Hanyarmu zuwakula da inganciya rufe wannan daki-daki.

Dabarun Molding Hudu - Da Abin da Kowa Yake Ainihinsa Don

Yawancin abun ciki mai kayatarwa yana bayyana "tsarin gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara" kamar dai hanya ɗaya ce. Akwai dabaru daban-daban guda huɗu waɗanda ke da ma'ana daban-daban abubuwan samarwa, farashi, da aikace-aikacen da suka dace. Ƙayyade kuskuren samfurin ku kuskure ne mai tsada wanda ke nunawa kawai bayan samfuran sun zo.

1. Kauri{1}} Gyaran bango (Na al'ada / iska{2}}Bushe)

Hanyar mafi tsufa. Wet fiber ba shi da ƙura -ana yin shi a kan mold da iska{2}} bushewa ba tare da dannawa na biyu ba. Sakamakon shine samfurin da ya fi kauri{4}} mai kauri mai kauri a fuska ɗaya. Kayan aiki da farashin kayan aiki suna da ƙasa. Zaɓin da ya dace don akwatunan kwai, samar da tire, masu jigilar kwalabe na giya, da ƙwanƙolin masana'antu inda bayyanar saman ta kasance na biyu zuwa kariyar aiki.

2. Canja wurin Molding

Bayan da aka samar da injin, za'a canza tabarmar fiber ɗin rigar zuwa ma'auni kafin bushewa, yana ba da madaidaicin siffa a saman duka biyun ba tare da kuɗin kuzari na cikakken matsi mai zafi ba. Na kowa a cikin kwantar da kayan lantarki da marufi na cikin gida inda wasu ma'anar ma'anar saman ke da mahimmanci amma ba a buƙatar ƙimar ƙima.

3. Thermoforming (Hot Press Molding)

Matsayin abinci na yanzu{0}sabis da marufi na mabukaci. Bayan an yi shi, ana matsar da jigon zuwa madaidaicin latsa mai zafi wanda ya dace da zafi da matsa lamba a lokaci guda - yana rage tsarin fiber, yana sassauta saman duka biyun, da samun ƙarin juriya mai ƙarfi. Idan kuna samo asaliclamshell mai takin zamani ana fitar da kwantena, bagasse zagaye faranti, komiyan bagasse da kwanonin salati, thermoforming shine tsari wanda ke ba da ƙarewa da daidaito waɗanda aikace-aikacen ke buƙata.

4. Dry Press Molding

Fiber yana samuwa ne a ɗan ɗanshi na farko sosai sannan a danna shi, maimakon a kafa shi azaman slurry. Sakamakon shine katanga mafi sirara, mafi girma{2}samfurin mai yawa tare da allura mai inganci na gabatowa{3}} robobi da aka ƙera. Abubuwan da suka dace don kayan kwalliyar kayan kwalliya da kayan saka kayan lantarki masu ƙima - yawancin abinci{6}masu siyan sabis ba za su ci karo da shi a aikace ba, kuma farashin kayan aiki ya fi sauran hanyoyin.

Iyakar Ayyuka: Abin da Molded Pulp Zai Iya kuma Ba Zai Iya Yi ba

Juriya mai danshiita ce mafi yawan rashin fahimta dukiya. Daidaitaccen ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara mara rufi yana yin laushi ƙarƙashin ɗanshi mai dorewa. Rubutun shinge yana inganta juriya ga abinci na yau da kullun -amfani da sabis - miya mai zafi a cikin kwanon bagasse, abinci mai mai akan farantin bagasse - amma madaidaicin kalmar danshi-mai juriya, ba ruwa ba. Wannan bambance-bambancen yana da mahimmanci lokacin tantance samfuran don ma'ajin sanyi ko mahalli mai tsayi-.

Haƙurin zafidon bagasse da samfuran ɓangaren litattafan almara na itace gabaɗaya har zuwa kusan digiri 120, yana sa su dace da amfani da microwave. Haƙiƙanin iyakoki sun bambanta ta ƙirar samfur da nau'in sutura - tabbatarwa tare da masana'anta maimakon ɗaukan nau'in{3}} adadi ya shafi kowane samfur.

Takiyana buƙatar harshe mai hankali. A ƙarƙashin yanayin takin masana'antu, samfuran ƙwararrun samfuran yawanci suna lalacewa cikin kwanaki 60-90 kowace ranaMatsayin ASTM D6400 wanda BPI ke gudanarwa. Takin gida yana ɗaukar watanni da yawa. A cikin yanayin ƙasƙanci, ba tare da iskar oxygen da danshi ba, raguwa yana raguwa sosai. Ba duk abin da aka ƙera ba ne mai takin: samfuran da ba -mai rufin da za a iya yin takin ba maiyuwa ba za su cancanci yin takaddun shaida ba ko da tushen fiber zai iya. Na uku -Takaddun shaida akan takamaiman samfurin - ba kamfanin - shine kawai tabbataccen tabbaci ba. Kwatanta cikakken hoton tare da marufi na al'ada a cikibagasse vs roba takeout kwalaye.

Mudorewasadaukarwa yana nuna waɗannan bambance-bambancen - tabbataccen yarda maimakon da'awar talla.

Takaddun shaida don Tabbatarwa Kafin Ka Aiwatar

A cikin nau'in da da'awar dorewa ta zama gama gari kuma ba tabbaci ba, takaddun shaida sune ke raba bayanan yarda da buri. Neman takaddun shaida, ba tabbaci ba. Mutakaddun shaidasuna samuwa don bita - daidaitaccen ma'auni na bayyananniyar da ya kamata ku yi tsammani daga kowane sahihanci mai kaya.

• FDA 21 CFR 176.170- Amincewa da Amurka don abubuwan haɗin takarda da takarda a cikin hulɗar abinci kai tsaye. Duba cikinDokar FDAdon cikakken ikon yinsa. Da ake buƙata don abinci{1}}marufi a cikin kasuwar Amurka.
• Takaddun shaida na BPI- Na uku{1}}Tabbatar da takin masana'antu ta ASTM D6400, dagaCibiyar Kayayyakin Halitta. Alamar takin ƙasa ta farko a Arewacin Amurka.
• TÜV OK Takin- daidai da Turai, yana tabbatar da yarda da EN 13432. Samfuran na iya riƙe da keɓancewar masana'antu da takin gida daban.
• PFAS{0}}tabbatar da kyauta- Ba takaddun shaida ɗaya ba, amma da'awar da ke buƙatar rahoton gwaji na ɓangare na uku. California AB 1200 da tsarin ƙuntatawa na PFAS na EU sun hana abin rufe fuska a cikin abinci{4}} kayan hulɗa; ya kamata masu samar da kayayyaki su ba da takardu a hankali.
• ISO 9001- Takaddun shaida na tsarin gudanarwa na masana'anta. Alamar asali ta tsarin sarrafa tsari don masu siyan B2B suna sanya maimaitawa ko manyan oda{3}.

Abubuwan Kulawa Mai Kyau

Wasu ƴan abubuwan da ƙwararrun masu siye ke dubawa kuma farkon{0}}masu saye ba sa yin sayayya.

Farashin kayan aiki da lokutan lokaci:Siffofin al'ada suna buƙatar dalili{0}} ginannun gyare-gyare. Lokutan jagora na makonni huɗu zuwa takwas don sabbin kayan aikin al'ada ne. Sanya wannan cikin jerin lokutan ƙaddamarwa kafin ƙaddamar da ranar fitar da samfur. Thekeɓancewashafi yana rufe ƙira -zuwa{1}} zaɓuɓɓukan samarwa.

Samfuran kimantawa yana da mahimmanci fiye da takaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai:Gwada samfurori akan ainihin yanayin amfanin ku - nauyin samfurin ku, zafin jiki, hulɗar danshi, da buƙatun tari. Samfurin da ke aiki da kyau a kan tebur na iya yin hali daban-daban a cikin yanayin dafa abinci na kasuwanci ko ƙarƙashin nauyin rarrabawa. Musamman duba daidaiton girma a cikin ɓangarorin da yawa, ingancin saman ƙasa, ƙaƙƙarfan tsari a ƙarƙashin kaya na gaske, da juriya na ruwa da mai a lokutan fallasa na gaske.

Jajayen tutoci masu daraja a yi aiki da su:Rashin iya samar da takaddun shaida akan buƙata; babu karfe ganowa a cikin QC tsari; rufin da ba za a iya tabbatar da PFAS - kyauta ba; m amsoshi game da fiber tushen. Don ƙarin bayani kan kimanta masu samar da kayayyaki a cikin wannan rukunin,nasihu don yin aiki tare da mai siyar da marufi mai lalacewatunani ne mai amfani. Idan kuna kwatanta sawun mahalli na marufin ku na yanzu da gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara,eco -marufi na sada zumunciya rufe mahimman abubuwan kwatanta.

FAQ

Menene bambanci tsakanin gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara da zaren fiber?

Sharuɗɗan suna musanya - abu ɗaya, tsari iri ɗaya, ƙa'idodin yanki daban-daban.

Wace dabarar gyare-gyaren ɓangaren litattafan almara ce daidai don marufi na abinci{0}?

Thermoforming (zafin latsa gyare-gyare) shine ma'auni don mabukaci{0}} yana fuskantar sabis na abinci. Yana sadar da santsi, daidaiton girma, da abinci{2}} dacen tuntuɓar da faranti, kwano, da ƙuƙumma ke buƙata. Kaurin al'ada - Gyaran bango bai dace da hulɗar abinci kai tsaye ba a yawancin aikace-aikace.

Shin fakitin ɓangaren litattafan almara na microwave{0}} lafiyayye ne?

Gabaɗaya e don samfuran jakunkuna da na itace - har zuwa kusan digiri 120 a cikin amfani na yau da kullun. Tabbatar da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar samfurin kuma tabbatar da cewa duk wani suturar da aka yi amfani da ita kuma an tabbatar da lafiyar microwave{3}.

Menene ma'anar PFAS{0} kyauta a cikin wannan mahallin?

PFAS (per{0}} da abubuwan polyfluoroalkyl) an yi amfani dasu sosai azaman shingen ruwa da mai a cikin marufin abinci. Sun kasance masu gurɓata muhalli na dindindin yanzu an iyakance su ta hanyar doka a California, da wasu jihohin Amurka da EU. PFAS-yankin da aka ƙera kyauta yana amfani da madadin sinadarai na shinge kuma yakamata a tabbatar da shi ta hanyar takaddun gwaji na ɓangare na uku, ba da'awar mai ba da kaya kaɗai ba.

Ta yaya zan iya tabbatar da cewa samfurin ɓangaren litattafan almara na da gaske taki?

Nemo takaddun shaida na BPI (Arewacin Amurka) ko TÜV OK Takin (Turai) da aka yi amfani da shi ga takamaiman samfurin, ba kawai kamfani ba. Da'awar takin zamani ba tare da takaddun takaddun shaida sanarwa ce ta tallace-tallace ba, ba tabbataccen halayen aiki ba.

Shirya don tattauna takamaiman buƙatun samfur ko neman samfuran?Tuntube mukai tsaye.